Can the UN road map end the Afghan crisis and Taliban's isolation? | Policy

cable- The secretary-general tried United Nations Antonio Guterres Create conditions for internal interaction and stop bloody competition Taliban and armed opposition, externally by reducing international and regional competition and opening the door to dealing with the ruling Taliban Afghanistan From 2021.

Guterres seeks to find a permanent regional solution to peace through a new road map for Afghanistan and encourages the Taliban to accept an ethnically pluralist integrated government and engage the Afghan movement in the political process. The importance of the road map will be even more apparent when considering The reality of the Taliban and the judgments it makes when it comes to its hierarchical structure in practice.

In the past two years, the international community and the United Nations have been unable to independently and accurately assess the situation in Afghanistan. Guterres assigned Turkish diplomats to Freedon Hadi Snirlioglu By writing reports on the security and political situation in the country.

Political researcher Hikmet Jalil told Al Jazeera: “Davutoglu's appointment confirms the secretary-general's desire to see hidden aspects of the current situation in the country. Davutoglu began his work by directly writing the report , visited Afghanistan more than once and met with Afghan government officials and the former president.” Hamid KarzaiThe report will serve as a road map for the United Nations in the country. “

positive

Davutoglu reportedly wants to meet Taliban leader Sheikh Haibatullah AkhundzadehBut he rejected his request and met with the Afghan interior minister Sirajuddin Haqqani He called on him to remove obstacles that have caused rifts in Afghanistan's relations with the international community.

Afghan affairs experts believe that the Turkish diplomat's report may be able to predict the future of Afghanistan because it outlines the broad outlines of the United Nations, because the quality of the talks and the mindset of key Taliban officials will undoubtedly play a decisive role. It’s about the future of the country.

Abdul Karim Khorram, former chief of staff to Afghan President Hamid Karzai, told Al Jazeera, “I think the new UN road map is positive and in Afghanistan’s interest, the most important of which is integration The country reintegrates into the international community, builds relations with countries, lifts sanctions on banks, but must “Afghans will play a greater role.”

Davutoglu met with key officials of the Taliban movement to understand their way of thinking, and with opponents of the current government outside Afghanistan to listen to their concerns. The report could provide a road map for how the United Nations and the international community can proceed. Future interactions with the Taliban.

The report received a wide range of responses, which can be divided into three categories:

• The position of the Afghan government led by the Taliban.
• The position of the movement against the current Afghan government.
• Opinions of experts and people interested in Afghanistan.

welcome

The Taliban movement implicitly welcomed Davutoglu's report but expressed reservations about the terms of appointing a United Nations official responsible for reconciliation in Afghanistan. Taliban opponents explicitly criticized the report as an attempt to whitewash the Taliban movement at the international and regional levels.

But experts see the map as a step toward better understanding the current situation in Afghanistan. Its importance lies in several points they consider important and essential, including:

• Guterres seeks to establish the credibility of the United Nations as an independent organization for world peace.
• He sought to present reports based on data on the ground to find an appropriate road map for resolving the crisis in Afghanistan.
• He sought to develop an international and regional road map for resolving the Afghan crisis.
• He sought to provide a context for the international community's relationship with the Taliban in an encouraging and interactive manner and encouraged the movement to accept minimum international standards, respect human rights, reduce restrictions on women, accept their social and educational rights, and Let the world realize the difficult circumstances and ideological constraints to which the Taliban themselves suffer.
• His attempt is a warning security council Regarding the gap in the leadership of the Taliban, the Kandahar faction is a hawk and the Kabul faction is a dove, more realistic and willing to deal with the international community.

Key points contained in the UN road map are:

• The United Nations has tried to classify the Afghan crisis as a regional issue.
• Provide assistance to the Afghan people and urge the international community to increase and continue to provide assistance.
• Form a comprehensive government.
• Draft a new constitution.
• The beginning of serious dialogue between Afghan factions will lead to a political solution to the Afghan crisis.
• Laying the groundwork for interaction with the international community and recognition of the Taliban.

Experts on Afghan affairs believe that the United Nations has been dealing with the Afghan issue for 45 years but has failed to find a lasting peace solution in the country. The Afghan people also know how the organization's representative “Pinjan Sivan” failed. negotiation. Geneva After the Soviet Union withdrew its troops from Afghanistan in 1989.

As the Afghan people know, “the failure of the previous envoy Akhdar Ibrahimi at a meeting Bon“After the US military invaded Afghanistan, they adopted solutions imported from abroad, but Afghans did not benefit from them during the 4-year-long conflict in the country because these solutions were for the benefit of others, not Afghans. .

The solution is internal

Afghan Islamic Party leader says Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Al Jazeera said: “Historical experience has proven that the United Nations cannot solve the Afghan crisis under its current structure. It is not qualified to do so. It has failed to solve complex problems on a global scale.” The Afghan crisis cannot be solved through foreign negotiations. “

Hekmatyar stressed, “I think the basic solution is for Afghans to sit at the negotiating table unconditionally and resolve their crisis without the mediation of foreigners.”

In a statement, Iran's Foreign Ministry called on Afghanistan's neighbors to play a greater role in bringing peace to the country and proposed Tehran A map of the Afghan crisis and its most important projects:

• The crisis in Afghanistan needs to be resolved through dialogue to open the way for Kabul to integrate into the international community.
• If the Afghan crisis is not resolved, it will have a devastating impact on international peace and security. Afghanistan cannot accept new failures.
• Afghanistan's gateway to the international community is its regional environment and neighboring countries. The establishment of a regional contact group is the first step to achieve expected results.
• Opening new documents without resolving past problems will not solve Afghanistan.

Afghanistan experts believe the map requires in-depth work and approval from neighboring countriesChina andRussiaThen Iran It cannot work alone in Afghanistan for many reasons, not the least of which is trust between the two countries.

A source in the Afghan Ministry of Foreign Affairs explained to Al Jazeera that “the current government is cautious about the road map announced by the United Nations, let alone Iran. Tehran is looking for a role for itself in the Afghan dossier and generally supports the UN road map.” , only requires Afghanistan’s neighbors to play a role and nothing more, and it is not as comprehensive as the UN road map.”